Bibcode
                                    
                            Haupt, H. F.; Brandt, P. N.; Steinegger, M.
    Bibliographical reference
                                    Astronomy and Astrophysics, v.310, p.635-645
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                        6
            
                        1996
            
  Journal
                                    
                            Citations
                                    36
                            Refereed citations
                                    28
                            Description
                                    Plage areas and intensities derived from CaIIK spectroheliograms are
used as a proxy for the facular irradiance excess of solar active
regions for the period 19 August to 4 September 1980. Applying a
calibration method proposed by Vrsnak et al. (1991) and adopting it for
photometrically measured plage intensities, the "Photospheric Facular
Index" with constant facular contrast C_P_=0.0185 is replaced by a
scheme of variable C_P_, depending on the plage brightness. An increase
of C_P_ from 0.015 to =~0.025 is found for plage areas varying from a
few tens to approx. 6000 millionths of solar hemispheres (μh).
Combining the facular irradiance excess with sunspot deficits (as
determined for the same period by Steinegger et al. 1990) yields good
agreement with the irradiance variations measured by SMM/ACRIM, using a
center-to-limb variation of C_P_ according to Chapman & Meyer
(1986). For 60 active regions out of this period, the luminosity ratio
of facular excess to sunspot deficit decreases from about 4 for regions
with sunspot areas of 30μh to =~0.4 for sunspots of areas
>1000μh. Additionally, we find a decrease of the plage to sunspot
area ratio from about 30 for small spots with areas around 30μh to 3
for spots larger than 1000μh.