Context. Inversion codes for the polarized radiative transfer equation, when applied to spectropolarimetric observations (i.e., Stokes vector) in spectral lines, can be used to infer the temperature T, line-of-sight velocity v los, and magnetic field B as a function of the continuum optical-depth τ c. However, they do not directly provide the gas

We present preliminary results on the potential of HARMONI, the first light integral field spectrograph for the ELT, to explore the evolution of central super massive black holes (SMBH) - host galaxy relation in the range from z̃0.7 to z̃2.5. We simulated HARMONI observations of QSO+host galaxy at different redshifts, assuming different

Context. About 35% of the nearby disc galaxies host a weak bar for which different formation scenarios, including the weakening of a strong bar and tidal interaction with a companion, have been suggested. Measuring the bar pattern speeds of a sample of weakly barred galaxies is a key step in constraining their formation process, but such a

Aims: We derive information about the dynamics of the stellar photosphere, including pulsation, from a coherent interpretation of the linear polarisation detected in the spectral lines of the Mira star χ Cyg. Methods: From spectropolarimetric observations of χ Cyg, we performed a careful analysis of the polarisation signals observed in atomic and

In Part 2 of our guide to collisionless fluid models, we concentrate on Landau fluid closures. These closures were pioneered by Hammett and Perkins and allow for the rigorous incorporation of collisionless Landau damping into a fluid framework. It is Landau damping that sharply separates traditional fluid models and collisionless kinetic theory

We present a detailed guide to advanced collisionless fluid models that incorporate kinetic effects into the fluid framework, and that are much closer to the collisionless kinetic description than traditional magnetohydrodynamics. Such fluid models are directly applicable to modelling the turbulent evolution of a vast array of astrophysical plasmas